{"id":4655,"date":"2026-11-02T17:58:08","date_gmt":"2026-11-02T17:58:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/?p=4655"},"modified":"2026-11-02T17:58:10","modified_gmt":"2026-11-02T17:58:10","slug":"what-is-a-motor-overload-relay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/blog\/what-is-a-motor-overload-relay\/","title":{"rendered":"Motor A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Y\u00fck R\u00f6lesi Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c7o\u011fu durumda, elektrik motorlar\u0131 k\u0131sa devreler nedeniyle zarar g\u00f6rmez. Genellikle, kuru yataklar veya pompalar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f ya da benzeri di\u011fer ar\u0131zalar nedeniyle nominal ak\u0131m\u0131n 0'unda 40 dakika boyunca s\u00fcrekli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan dolay\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nma sonucu i\u015flevlerini durdururlar ve bu ar\u0131zalar, sarg\u0131 izolasyonu bozulana kadar herkes taraf\u0131ndan fark edilmez. Ar\u0131zay\u0131 fark edebilen tek cihaz, motor mar\u015f motorunun en ucuz koruma par\u00e7as\u0131 olan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesidir.<\/p>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen bilgiler, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesinin motor kontrol devresinde ne sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, her r\u00f6le tipinin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hangi trip s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7ilece\u011fini, trip yapmaya neyin sebep oldu\u011funu ve r\u00f6lenin nas\u0131l ayarlanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klar.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>K\u0131saca, bir motor a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesi, motor mar\u015f motorunda ak\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7en ve motor \u00e7ok uzun s\u00fcre \u00e7ok fazla ak\u0131m \u00e7ekerse kontrol devresini kesen bir cihazd\u0131r. Bu nedenle, bu cihaz k\u0131sa devre korumas\u0131 sa\u011flamaz; bu koruma devre kesici taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flan\u0131r. Termal tipler, ak\u0131m taraf\u0131ndan \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lan bimetal \u015feritler kullan\u0131rken, elektronik tipler ak\u0131m trafolar\u0131na ve motor modeline dayan\u0131r. Ayar, motorun nominal ak\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r ve 7,2 kat\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanan trip s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, motorun ba\u015flatma s\u00fcresini dikkate almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>Motor Kontrol Devresinde A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Y\u00fck R\u00f6lesinin G\u00f6revi<\/h2>\n<p>Elektrik a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesinin motor kontrol\u00fcnde belirli bir rol\u00fc vard\u0131r. Sistemde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesinin amac\u0131, kabloyu veya kontakt\u00f6r\u00fc korumaktan ziyade motorun sarg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemektir. Bu, bu cihaz\u0131n ayarlanmas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde \u00e7ok \u015fey a\u00e7\u0131klayan bir konudur.<\/p>\n<p>Koruyucu farkl\u0131 durumlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, bu nedenle her cihaz kendi ar\u0131za t\u00fcr\u00fcnden sorumludur. \u0130lk olan\u0131, k\u0131sa devre ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 milisaniyeler i\u00e7inde kiloamperlere kadar kar\u015f\u0131layabilen sigorta ve kal\u0131pl\u0131 kutu devre kesici gibi k\u0131sa devre cihazlar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130kinci koruyucu tip ise y\u00fck\u00fc a\u00e7arken elektriksel i\u015f yapan kontakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesi, motorun hasarl\u0131 sarg\u0131 ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nm\u0131\u015f motor ko\u015fullar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in bu iki cihaz aras\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00f6ylece, birincil i\u015flevine g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve motorun a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131na veya zarar g\u00f6rmesine izin vermez. Bir ar\u0131za tespit etti\u011finde, kontakt\u00f6r devresinde kullan\u0131lan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir konta\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7ar. Kontakt\u00f6r konta\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra motor \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 durdurur ancak r\u00f6lenin manuel olarak s\u0131f\u0131rlanmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda, r\u00f6le motorun termal kapasitesini korur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ak\u0131m bunun sadece dolayl\u0131 g\u00f6stergesidir. Motor s\u0131cak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsa, r\u00f6lenin motoru durdurmas\u0131, cihaz so\u011fuk modda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsa oldu\u011fundan daha zor olacakt\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc motorun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmadan \u00f6nce birikmi\u015f \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 dikkate almas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>Uygulama g\u00f6stermektedir ki, motor uygun korumaya sahipse, r\u00f6lenin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6nemli de\u011fildir. R\u00f6lenin as\u0131l sorunu, \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131d\u0131r; r\u00f6le kapasitesinin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, sorunun temel nedeni bulunmad\u0131k\u00e7a hi\u00e7bir anlam ifade etmez. T\u00fcm montaj\u0131n entegre versiyonu, kontakt\u00f6r art\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck art\u0131 muhafaza, bir <a href=\"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/product\/exq7-electromagnetic-starter\/\">motor ba\u015flat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r bu t\u00fcr<\/a> paketler ve bunu tek bir \u00fcnite olarak sat\u0131n almak, kontakt\u00f6r ile r\u00f6le aras\u0131ndaki uyumsuzluk riskini ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r; bu uyumsuzluk \u00e7o\u011fu montaj hatas\u0131na neden olur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4657\" src=\"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/What-an-Overload-Relay-Does-in-a-Motor-Control-Circuit.webp\" alt=\"Motor Kontrol Devresinde A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Y\u00fck R\u00f6lesinin G\u00f6revi\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Bir Motor A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Y\u00fck R\u00f6lesi Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, T\u00fcr\u00fcne G\u00f6re<\/h2>\n<p>Piyasada iki bask\u0131n mekanizma ve yeni ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir mekanizma bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Birincisi, dolayl\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tma kullanan Bimetal'dir. Her faz, bimetalik bile\u015fen taraf\u0131ndan \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lan bir elemandan ge\u00e7er; bu bile\u015fen, farkl\u0131 oranlarda genle\u015fen iki farkl\u0131 metalden olu\u015fur ve \u0131s\u0131 ile b\u00fck\u00fcl\u00fcr. B\u00fck\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, toplama \u00e7ubu\u011fu ve bir kald\u0131ra\u00e7 \u00fczerinde etkili olur, bu da mandal mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 serbest b\u0131rak\u0131r ve 95-96 kontaklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7ar. Dolayl\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tma, \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bimetali \u0131s\u0131tmas\u0131ndan sorumlu oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir; elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 bimetal \u00fczerinden iletmez. Avantaj\u0131, \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek farkl\u0131 ak\u0131m seviyeleri i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi kullanabilmektir. Bu tasar\u0131m\u0131n sonucu, ters zaman etkisinin elde edilmesidir. Nominal ak\u0131m\u0131n iki kat\u0131nda bimetal yava\u015f\u00e7a b\u00fck\u00fcl\u00fcr, ak\u0131m\u0131n alt\u0131 kat\u0131nda ise b\u00fck\u00fclme h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, k\u0131sa s\u00fcre y\u00fcksek ak\u0131ma ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ak\u0131mla bo\u015fta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma kapasitesine sahip bir motorun fiziksel davran\u0131\u015f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir. Ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkisini iptal eden farkl\u0131 bir bimetal telafi ama\u00e7l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130kinci t\u00fcr Elektroniktir. Ak\u0131m trafolar\u0131 her faz i\u00e7in ak\u0131m de\u011ferini izler ve buna dayanarak elektronik bir devre termal modele g\u00f6re karar verir ve devreyi a\u00e7an k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir r\u00f6le veya transist\u00f6r\u00fc aktive eder. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 yoktur \u2013 ve DVR, ayar de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek \u00e7e\u015fitli ak\u0131mlar\u0131 anahtarlayabilir. Bu t\u00fcr elektrikli cihazlar, manyetik k\u0131sa devre ve termal a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 tek bir cihazda birle\u015ftirerek motor korumas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Hangi koruma t\u00fcr\u00fc kullan\u0131l\u0131rsa kullan\u0131ls\u0131n, elektrik ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 ayn\u0131d\u0131r: 95-96 terminalleri, kontakt\u00f6r bobini ile seri ba\u011fl\u0131 normalde kapal\u0131 a\u00e7ma kontaklar\u0131d\u0131r; 97-98 terminalleri ise normalde a\u00e7\u0131k olup ya g\u00f6sterge konta\u011f\u0131 olarak ya da PLC'ye sinyal vermek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. R\u00f6le, 95-96 terminalleri yerine 97-98 terminalleri \u00fczerinden ba\u011flan\u0131rsa asla a\u00e7ma yapmaz ve bu hata, her panel al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc aleti ile kontrol edilmesi gereken s\u0131kl\u0131kta ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Ayn\u0131 devrenin bobin taraf\u0131 bu <a href=\"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/product\/exc7-ac-contactor\/\">AC kontakt\u00f6r teknik \u00f6zelliklerinde<\/a>, kontrol devresinin e\u015fle\u015ftirmesi gereken bobin voltajlar\u0131n\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n<h2>Termal veya Elektronik: D\u00fcr\u00fcst Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/h2>\n<p>Her ikisi de farkl\u0131 i\u015fler i\u00e7in do\u011fru cevaplard\u0131r ve fiyat fark\u0131, \u00f6zellik fark\u0131ndan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Fakt\u00f6r<\/th>\n<th>Termal (bimetal)<\/th>\n<th>Elektronik<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Do\u011fruluk<\/td>\n<td>\u00b110% ile 20% aras\u0131nda ayar<\/td>\n<td>Genellikle \u00b15% veya daha iyi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ortam kompanzasyonu<\/td>\n<td>\u00c7o\u011fu \u00e7er\u00e7evede \u221220 ila +60 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>Baz\u0131lar\u0131nda daha geni\u015f, \u221225 ila +60 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Atma s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Sat\u0131n al\u0131mda sabit, genellikle S\u0131n\u0131f 10<\/td>\n<td>Se\u00e7ilebilir, genellikle 5E ile 30E aras\u0131nda<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Termal haf\u0131za<\/td>\n<td>Fiziksel so\u011futma ile, bu ger\u00e7ek\u00e7idir<\/td>\n<td>Model ve depolanan duruma g\u00f6re<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Diagnostik<\/td>\n<td>Atma veya atma olmamas\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Faz ba\u015f\u0131na ak\u0131m, termal y\u00fck, atma nedeni<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Fiyat<\/td>\n<td>En d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck<\/td>\n<td>Termalin iki ila be\u015f kat\u0131, d\u00fc\u015fen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>En uygun<\/td>\n<td>Standart pompalar, fanlar, basit ba\u015flat\u0131c\u0131lar<\/td>\n<td>Kritik s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler, y\u00fcksek ataleti olan y\u00fckler, a\u011f ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 tesisler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Termal r\u00f6lenin dezavantaj\u0131, motorla ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bimetal kullanmas\u0131 ancak eksikliklerini ortadan kald\u0131ran \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Termik r\u00f6le atma nedenini g\u00f6stermez ve panodaki s\u0131cakl\u0131ktan etkilenir. Ayr\u0131ca, termik r\u00f6lenin do\u011frulu\u011fu, \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 toleranslar\u0131 gibi di\u011fer fakt\u00f6rlerden etkilenir.<\/p>\n<p>Elektronik r\u00f6lenin dezavantaj\u0131, do\u011fru ayarlara ve g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015fta bir sorun varsa, sinyal g\u00f6nderilmez. Ancak, elektronik r\u00f6leden elde edilen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler bak\u0131m ekibi taraf\u0131ndan di\u011fer uygulamalar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Ayn\u0131 g\u00f6rev alt\u0131ndaki kontakt\u00f6r taraf\u0131n\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 bu belgelerde belirtilmi\u015ftir <a href=\"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/blog\/alternating-current-contactor-guidelines\/\">AC kontakt\u00f6r se\u00e7imi ve kablolama y\u00f6nergeleri<\/a>, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir r\u00f6le, kontakt\u00f6r yeterince uzun s\u00fcre motoru kesintiye u\u011fratabildi\u011fi s\u00fcrece motoru korur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4658\" src=\"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Thermal-or-Electronic-The-Honest-Comparison.webp\" alt=\"Termal veya Elektronik D\u00fcr\u00fcst Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Atma S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131: En \u00c7ok Sorun Yaratan Ayar<\/h2>\n<p>IEC 60947-4-1 standard\u0131na g\u00f6re, atma s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, motor so\u011fukken \u00f6nceden ayarlanm\u0131\u015f ak\u0131m\u0131n 7,2 kat\u0131nda atma s\u00fcresini ifade eder. Bu, motorlar\u0131n tamamen durana kadar ak\u0131m\u0131 alg\u0131lamadan ba\u015flatma s\u00fcrecinden ge\u00e7mesine izin vermek i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>S\u0131n\u0131f<\/th>\n<th>So\u011fukken 7,2 \u00d7 ayar\u0131ndaki atma s\u00fcresi<\/th>\n<th>Tipik y\u00fck<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>10A<\/td>\n<td>2 ila 10 s<\/td>\n<td>H\u0131zl\u0131 ba\u015flayan, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ataleti olan, hermetik so\u011futma<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>4 ila 10 s<\/td>\n<td>Pompalar, fanlar, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck konvey\u00f6rler, genel g\u00f6rev<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>6 ila 20 s<\/td>\n<td>Y\u00fckl\u00fc konvey\u00f6rler, kompres\u00f6rler, daha b\u00fcy\u00fck fanlar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>9 ila 30 s<\/td>\n<td>K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar, de\u011firmenler, santrif\u00fcjler, y\u00fcksek ataleti olan y\u00fckler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Elektronik r\u00f6lelerde E tolerans band\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m talebi, s\u0131n\u0131flar i\u00e7in minimum oranlar\u0131n di\u011ferlerine g\u00f6re daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131d\u0131r; 5E i\u00e7in 3 saniye, 10E i\u00e7in 5 saniye, 20E i\u00e7in 10 saniye ve 30E i\u00e7in 20 saniye olup, \u00fcst oranlar di\u011fer s\u0131n\u0131flarla e\u015fittir.<\/p>\n<p>Uygun trip s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na karar vermek i\u00e7in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 gereksinimleri basit\u00e7e \u015f\u00f6yle ifade edilebilir: motorun \u00f6nde gelen s\u00fcresinden daha uzun olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yine de, tan\u0131mlanan kural\u0131n basitli\u011fine ra\u011fmen, bir r\u00f6le se\u00e7erken hata yapma riski vard\u0131r. 14 saniyede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131na ula\u015fan bir motorla Class 10 r\u00f6le kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, her denemede trip yapacakt\u0131r; bu nedenle, r\u00f6le s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek yerine ayar ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ayarlama cazibesi olacakt\u0131r, bu da sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zecek ancak motoru korumas\u0131z b\u0131rakacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Y\u0131ld\u0131z-\u00fc\u00e7gen yol verici kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olas\u0131 ak\u0131m hesaplan\u0131rken insanlar s\u0131k s\u0131k hata yapar. Ana kontakt\u00f6rde bulunan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesinden ge\u00e7en ak\u0131m, motorun nominal ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n 0,58\u2019ine e\u015fittir. Y\u0131ld\u0131z faz\u0131nda motoru koruyan ek bir a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesi varsa, bu r\u00f6le ak\u0131m de\u011ferinin \u00fc\u00e7te biri seviyesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak \u015fekilde ayarlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Y\u00fck R\u00f6lesinin Trip Yapmas\u0131na Neden Olan ve Olmayan Durumlar<\/h2>\n<p>Ger\u00e7ek nedenlerin listesi, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcklerle ili\u015fkilendirilen uzun iddia edilen nedenler listesine k\u0131yasla k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Bir motor a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fc, efektif ak\u0131m\u0131n termal s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 a\u015facak kadar uzun s\u00fcreyle nominal de\u011feri ge\u00e7mesi durumunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcklerin d\u00f6rt ana nedeni vard\u0131r: s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f yatak gibi mekanik sorunlar veya pervanenin bloke olmas\u0131 ya da hizalanmamas\u0131; d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck voltaj gibi besleme problemleri, bu durumda ak\u0131m artar; i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n daha a\u011f\u0131r olmas\u0131 veya damperin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi kullan\u0131m de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri; ve motorun h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmedi\u011fi ve bloke ak\u0131m modunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7.<\/p>\n<p>Ancak, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck yorumlar\u0131nda insanlar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 baz\u0131 hatalar da not edilmelidir. Bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131: kesici ile ilgili k\u0131sa devre; RCD taraf\u0131ndan korunmas\u0131 gereken toprak hatas\u0131; a\u00e7\u0131k devreye yol a\u00e7an kontakt\u00f6r\u00fcn yanm\u0131\u015f ana kontaklar\u0131; ve kilitlenme ar\u0131zas\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan kontrol devresi ar\u0131zas\u0131d\u0131r. Sonuncusu en yayg\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f yorumdur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ayn\u0131 belirtiyi \u00fcretir: motorun tamamen durmas\u0131 ve yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Kontakt\u00f6r, kontak a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 nedeniyle bir faz\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011finde, kalan fazlarda daha fazla ak\u0131m \u00e7eker ve biri inceleyene kadar a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr; bu ar\u0131zan\u0131n belirtileri bu incelemede belirtilmi\u015ftir. <a href=\"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/blog\/ac-contactor-failure-symptoms\/\">AC kontakt\u00f6r ar\u0131za belirtileridir<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Y\u0131llard\u0131r kullan\u0131lan bir motorda tekrarlayan tripler mekanik, sinyal sorunu de\u011fildir. Yeni bir kurulumda tekrarlayan tripler muhtemelen ayar veya s\u0131n\u0131f hatas\u0131d\u0131r. Sadece yaz aylar\u0131nda meydana gelen tripler muhtemelen s\u0131cakl\u0131kla ilgilidir. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta meydana gelen tripler muhtemelen bir s\u0131n\u0131f hatas\u0131 veya y\u0131ld\u0131z-\u00fc\u00e7gen ayar hatas\u0131d\u0131r. Bir tripi s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rman\u0131n en h\u0131zl\u0131 yolu zamanlamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Ayar Kadran\u0131: Nominal Ak\u0131m, Trip Ak\u0131m\u0131 De\u011fil<\/h2>\n<p>Kadran, motorun isim plakas\u0131nda yaz\u0131l\u0131 tam y\u00fck ak\u0131m\u0131 de\u011ferine g\u00f6re kalibre edilir, tripi \u00f6nleyen bir de\u011fere g\u00f6re de\u011fil. IEC 60947-4-1 standard\u0131, r\u00f6lenin bu de\u011ferin 1.05 kat\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fan ak\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131nda trip yapmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ve ak\u0131m bu de\u011ferin 1.2 kat\u0131n\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 2 saat i\u00e7inde trip yapmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtir. Kadrandaki de\u011fer, r\u00f6lenin ters zaman karakteristiklerinin \u00e7izimi i\u00e7in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n<p>Ayarlar\u0131n tipik aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 1.5:1\u2019dir, \u00f6rne\u011fin 7.5-11 Amper ve motorun belirtilen aral\u0131kta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 de\u011ferlerde de\u011fil, b\u00f6ylece k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ayarlamalar i\u00e7in alan b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. Motorun servis fakt\u00f6r\u00fc 1.0\u2019\u0131 a\u015farsa, isim plakas\u0131 bilgilerinden biraz daha y\u00fcksek ayarlanmas\u0131 makul olur. Servis fakt\u00f6r\u00fc 1.0 ise, isim plakas\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re veya biraz alt\u0131nda ayarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Devreye alma tamamland\u0131ktan sonra a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00fc\u00e7 ad\u0131ma uyulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Tamamlanan kurulumun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ak\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmeli ve isim plakas\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayar panel \u00e7izelgesine kaydedilmelidir. Son ad\u0131m, ekipman\u0131n g\u00f6zlemlenip g\u00f6zlemlenmeyece\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak manuel veya otomatik de\u011fi\u015fim modu se\u00e7ilmelidir.<\/p>\n<h2>Faz Kayb\u0131 Her \u015eeyi De\u011fi\u015ftirir<\/h2>\n<p>Tek fazl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00fc\u00e7 fazl\u0131 bir motorun kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131 en tehlikeli a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck durumunu yaratabilir. Bir faz ar\u0131zaland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve motor iki fazda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam etti\u011finde, kalan sarg\u0131lardan ge\u00e7en ak\u0131m keskin \u015fekilde artar ve bimetalik r\u00f6lenin ak\u0131m y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenir. Basit bir \u00fc\u00e7 bimetalik r\u00f6le, sarg\u0131 ar\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n ilk a\u015famas\u0131na izin verecek kadar yava\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Faz kayb\u0131na duyarl\u0131 yap\u0131, bazen diferansiyel olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, fazlar aras\u0131ndaki sapma fark\u0131n\u0131 alg\u0131layan ikinci bir toplama baras\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Dengesiz veya eksik bir faz, ayn\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki simetrik bir a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fckten daha h\u0131zl\u0131 r\u00f6leyi tetikler. Yay\u0131nlanan rakamlar bu etkiyi somutla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Yayg\u0131n bir r\u00f6le ailesinde, nihai trip ak\u0131m\u0131 tam y\u00fck\u00fcn 120%\u2019si iken, faz kayb\u0131yla 115%\u2019dir. Modern IEC r\u00f6leleri varsay\u0131lan olarak faz kayb\u0131na duyarl\u0131d\u0131r; eski stoklar ve ucuz ithalatlar ise genellikle de\u011fildir ve veri sayfas\u0131 bunu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtmez.<\/p>\n<h2>Uygulamaya G\u00f6re R\u00f6le Se\u00e7imi<\/h2>\n<p>Be\u015f yayg\u0131n durum ve her biri i\u00e7in belirtilmesi gerekenler.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Uygulama<\/th>\n<th>\u00d6nemli spesifikasyon<\/th>\n<th>\u00d6nerilen tip<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Pompa veya fan, do\u011frudan hat \u00fczerinde<\/td>\n<td>S\u0131n\u0131f 10, faz kayb\u0131 hassasiyeti, manuel s\u0131f\u0131rlama<\/td>\n<td>Kontakt\u00f6re monte edilmi\u015f termal r\u00f6le<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Y\u00fckl\u00fc konvey\u00f6r veya kompres\u00f6r<\/td>\n<td>S\u0131n\u0131f 20, termal haf\u0131za, uzaktan s\u0131f\u0131rlama<\/td>\n<td>Se\u00e7ilebilir s\u0131n\u0131fa sahip elektronik r\u00f6le<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, de\u011firmen, santrif\u00fcj<\/td>\n<td>S\u0131n\u0131f 30, kilitlenmi\u015f rotor tespiti, faz ba\u015f\u0131na ak\u0131m<\/td>\n<td>\u0130leti\u015fim \u00f6zellikli elektronik r\u00f6le<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Y\u0131ld\u0131z-\u00fc\u00e7gen yol verici<\/td>\n<td>Nominal ak\u0131m\u0131n 0,58 kat\u0131nda ayar, y\u0131ld\u0131zda ikinci r\u00f6le<\/td>\n<td>Ana kontakt\u00f6re uygun boyutta termal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tek motor, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7<\/td>\n<td>Kombine manyetik ve termal, tek cihaz<\/td>\n<td>Motor koruma devre kesicisi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Bir tesis kendi yol vericilerini sat\u0131n almak yerine \u00fcretirse, r\u00f6le karar vermek i\u00e7in gereken \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc eleman\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. R\u00f6le ile kontakt\u00f6r aras\u0131ndaki koordinasyon, ar\u0131za temizleme sonucu yol vericinin zarar g\u00f6rmemesi i\u00e7in sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r; bu, tip 2 koordinasyonun anlam\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcd\u00fcr ve bunun ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 tamamen yukar\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f cihaz\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7imine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. <a href=\"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/product\/exb3-63-ac-mcb\/\">63 A \u00e7er\u00e7eve minyat\u00fcr devre kesici<\/a> k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yol vericilerde yayg\u0131n yukar\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f tercihi olup, e\u011frisi motorun kalk\u0131\u015f ak\u0131m\u0131 ile uyumlu olmal\u0131d\u0131r; aksi takdirde ilk kalk\u0131\u015f r\u00f6le yerine kesiciyi a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n<h2>SSS<\/h2>\n<h3>Bir motor devresinde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesinin i\u015flevi nedir?<\/h3>\n<p>Motor sarg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 uzun s\u00fcreli a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ak\u0131mdan korumak i\u00e7in y\u00f6ntem, ak\u0131m s\u00fcresi motorun termal kapasitesini a\u015facak kadar uzun oldu\u011funda kontrol devresini a\u00e7makt\u0131r. Bu, k\u0131sa devreleri ortadan kald\u0131rmaz ve kontrol devresinin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki kesici veya sigortan\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7emez.<\/p>\n<h3>Bir motor yol vericide termal a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesinin amac\u0131 nedir?<\/h3>\n<p>Bu koruma mekanizmas\u0131, motor ak\u0131m\u0131 ile \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lan bimetal \u015feritler kullan\u0131r. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 anahtar\u0131nda avantaj\u0131, ek bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 gerektirmemesi ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k ile ak\u0131m karakteristiklerinde motor gibi davranmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle, bu koruma t\u00fcr\u00fc basit do\u011frudan hat yol vericiler i\u00e7in standart olarak kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>Bir motor a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesi nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h3>\n<p>Bimetal veya ak\u0131m trafosunda ak\u0131m taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen \u0131s\u0131 termal modele kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak, olu\u015fan sinyal trip s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 a\u015farsa, normalde kapal\u0131 bir kontak a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r ve kontakt\u00f6r d\u00fc\u015fer. Kontakt\u00f6r s\u0131f\u0131rlanana kadar kilitli kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>Bir motor yol vericide kullan\u0131lan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesi t\u00fcr\u00fc nedir?<\/h3>\n<p>Pratik uygulamalarda genellikle d\u00f6rt t\u00fcr r\u00f6le kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bunlar termal bimetal r\u00f6le, elektronik a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesi, hem termal hem manyetik \u00f6zellikleri birle\u015ftiren motor koruma devre kesicisi ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fc elektronik y\u00f6ntemlerle \u00f6l\u00e7en ancak termal olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan r\u00f6lelerle ayn\u0131 boyutlarda olan kat\u0131 hal a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck blo\u011fudur.<\/p>\n<h3>Bir a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesinin atmas\u0131na ne sebep olur?<\/h3>\n<p>Mekanik a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcklenme, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck voltaj beslemesi, operasyonel y\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri veya tam h\u0131z\u0131na ula\u015famayan bir motorun meydana gelmesi. Eski bir kurulumda, potansiyel bir mekanik sorun birden fazla trip i\u015fareti g\u00f6sterecektir; ancak yeni bir kurulum sadece farkl\u0131 bir trip s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu\u011funu veya yanl\u0131\u015f trip ayar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterebilir.<\/p>\n<h3>A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesi k\u0131sa devreye kar\u015f\u0131 koruma sa\u011flar m\u0131?<\/h3>\n<p>Hay\u0131r, motorlar\u0131n kalk\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7ebilmesi i\u00e7in kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak yava\u015f yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle, ar\u0131za ak\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaz. Bu y\u00fczden k\u0131sa devre ar\u0131zalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ayr\u0131 bir koruma sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu iki cihaz birlikte se\u00e7ilmelidir, b\u00f6ylece starter ar\u0131zadan zarar g\u00f6rmeden kurtulur.<\/p>\n<h3>A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesini motorun nominal ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine ayarlayabilir miyim?<\/h3>\n<p>Servis fakt\u00f6r\u00fc ancak ge\u00e7erli bir neden varsa daha y\u00fcksek ayarlanabilir. Servis fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc gereksiz tripleri \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in y\u00fckseltmek, motorun var olma amac\u0131n\u0131 bozar ve bir trip yerine bir sonraki ar\u0131za sarg\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Referanslar<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.siemens.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Siemens \u2014 SIRIUS A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Y\u00fck R\u00f6lesi Teknik Dok\u00fcmantasyonu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.abb.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ABB \u2014 Termal ve Elektronik A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Y\u00fck R\u00f6leleri<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newark.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Newark \u2014 A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Y\u00fck R\u00f6lesi ve Motor Koruma Bile\u015fenleri<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.grainger.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Grainger \u2014 Motor Kontrolleri ve A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Y\u00fck R\u00f6leleri<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nema.org\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NEMA \u2014 Motor Kontrol Ekipmanlar\u0131 Standartlar\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n<p>Bir a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck r\u00f6lesi i\u015finde yava\u015ft\u0131r, cihaz\u0131 enerjik \u015fekilde korur. G\u00f6revinin \u00f6z\u00fc, hafif ve uzun s\u00fcreli a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ak\u0131m\u0131 tespit etmektir; bu da ayar d\u00fc\u011fmesinin motorun nominal ak\u0131m\u0131na, trip s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ise kalk\u0131\u015f s\u00fcresinin hemen \u00fczerine ayarlanmas\u0131 ve tripin sadece bir bilgi oldu\u011fu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Dikkat edilmesi gereken tek kusurlar, r\u00f6lenin \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek ayarlanmas\u0131 ve r\u00f6le 95-96 kontaklar\u0131n\u0131n bobin devresine ba\u011flanmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Her iki durumda da, tam montajl\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen bir panoda motor hala korunmamaktad\u0131r ve her iki durumun kontrol\u00fc bir dakikadan fazla s\u00fcrmez.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In most cases, electric motors do not get damaged due to short circuits. Usually, they stop functioning due to getting overheated because of continued operation at 110% of the rated current for 40 minutes due to dry bearings or restricted flow through pumps or other similar faults that have gone undetected by everyone until the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4656,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4655","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogs"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4655","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4655"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4655\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4660,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4655\/revisions\/4660"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4656"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4655"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4655"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4655"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}