{"id":2778,"date":"2026-06-15T15:59:26","date_gmt":"2026-06-15T15:59:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/?p=2778"},"modified":"2026-06-15T16:04:14","modified_gmt":"2026-06-15T16:04:14","slug":"can-we-use-ac-mcb-in-dc-circuit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/blog\/can-we-use-ac-mcb-in-dc-circuit\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng AC MCB trong m\u1ea1ch DC kh\u00f4ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng \u1edf Arizona \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t pin l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. D\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng pin \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd \u1edf ph\u00eda DC; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t MCB 80A\/1200VDC (v\u1edbi MCB \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb D\u00f2ng MCB HUB9NEZ c\u1ee7a HUYU) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u00eda AC y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u dao \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n. May m\u1eafn thay, nh\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t MCB DC d\u01b0 (c\u00f9ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc khung) m\u00e0 anh ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t thay th\u1ebf. Sau khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong hai tu\u1ea7n, c\u1ea7u dao c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eaft sau khi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng, v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, h\u1ed3 quang n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft. C\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t, c\u1ea7u dao \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch, v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng l\u1ed7i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u1ea7u dao ch\u00ednh \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean m\u1edf ra. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng do m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u dao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p DC b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p AC.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba n\u00e0y t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quang \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u dao AC cho MCB DC hay kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n - kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7u dao ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng DC trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch AC ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng k\u00e9p (b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u1eadt l\u00fd d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang thay th\u1ebf cho nhau th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (c\u1ea7u dao) m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

\"V\u1ea5n<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 D\u1eadp t\u1eaft H\u1ed3 quang: V\u1eadt l\u00fd Ng\u1eaft AC so v\u1edbi DC<\/h2>\n

Hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u dao DC ng\u1eaft trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch AC y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf (t\u00e1ch ra) trong khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang ch\u1ea3y, c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e1ch ra t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 quang m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t plasma ion h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb kh\u00ed tinh khi\u1ebft. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea3y qua c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 quang (t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y h\u00e0n h\u1ed3 quang) cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u1ea7u dao ng\u1eaft; qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch AC c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 AC hay DC.<\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u (AC), d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i qua gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng 100 ho\u1eb7c 120 l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y (2 l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i chu k\u1ef3 ho\u1eb7c 50 ho\u1eb7c 60 Hertz). M\u1ed7i khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i qua gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c) l\u00e0m s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ed3 quang. \u0110\u1ec3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1eaft n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng m\u1ea3nh sao cho kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ion h\u00f3a) cao h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c m\u00e0 h\u1ed3 quang s\u1ebd t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t sau khi \u0111i qua gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng d\u1eadp h\u1ed3 quang (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u dao mini AC \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t t\u1eebng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3. Do \u0111\u00f3, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eadp t\u1eaft m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 quang m\u1ed7i 8,3 mili gi\u00e2y, khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i qua gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

S\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m giao nhau b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng trong d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n DC v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. Sau khi m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, h\u1ed3 quang s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra \u0111\u1ee7 xa, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1ed3 quang l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p plasma c\u1ee7a h\u1ed3 quang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n gi\u1eef cho h\u1ed3 quang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 MCB \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho DC ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ed5i m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed9n th\u1ed5i n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed3 quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i di chuy\u1ec3n qua m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n v\u00e0 xo\u1eafn nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 quang c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n trong DC. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m \u1ed1ng d\u1eadp h\u1ed3 quang v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi trong AC. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi MCB \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong DC, n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u1eadp t\u1eaft c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c thay v\u00ec nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u1eadp t\u1eaft s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng giao nhau b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 (IET) \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng an to\u00e0n c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u trong b\u1ea3n t\u00f3m t\u1eaft k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u dao mini AC v\u00e0 DC v\u00ec ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau do c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u dao c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c AC ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 quang d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady trong khi c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u dao c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 quang d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady do b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ef1c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

\"\u0110i\u1ec1u<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7u dao sai<\/h2>\n

Kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t Arizona l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Khi m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u dao ch\u00ednh d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u (DC) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u (AC), c\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Trong n\u1eeda chu k\u1ef3 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean<\/strong>Trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang DC, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang DC th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00ean ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Khi c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ed5i ra v\u00e0o m\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, h\u1ed3 quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ed5i t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng). Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi n\u1eeda chu k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp theo x\u1ea3y ra, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u (AC) \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu (ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed9n th\u1ed5i) \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ed3 quang theo h\u01b0\u1edbng sai (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc (thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang), v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u dao, v\u00e0 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1ng h\u1ed3 quang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a h\u1ed3 quang). H\u1ed3 quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y v\u1ecf nh\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, h\u00e0n c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau, ho\u1eb7c tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u dao (c\u1eaft) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u dao, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng do h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edch l\u0169y.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u dao DC AC s\u1ebd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n h\u01a1n v\u00ec m\u00e1ng h\u1ed3 quang \u0111ang ch\u1edd m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra m\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd x\u1ea3y ra. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, h\u1ed3 quang s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng do qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t. C\u1ea7u dao s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft chu k\u1ef3 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ebd b\u1eaft l\u1eeda. B\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ed5i t\u1eeb t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u1ed3 quang \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m tan ch\u1ea3y. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea7u Dao \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1 K\u00e9p: Ngo\u1ea1i L\u1ec7 Ch\u1ee9ng Minh Quy T\u1eafc<\/h2>\n

C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea7u dao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng AC v\u00e0 DC. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u dao AC MCB cho th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p DC nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t suy ngh\u0129 sau; h\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i h\u1ed3 quang: (1) v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang (AC) v\u00e0 (2) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u00e0o (DC). Nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m lo\u1ea1i cho c\u1ea3 AC v\u00e0 DC. Nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u dao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u00e9p; v\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u201c230Vac t\u1ed1i \u0111a. 400Vac t\u1ed1i \u0111a., 60VDC t\u1ed1i \u0111a\/ c\u1ef1c.\u201d<\/p>\n

Khi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t v\u1ecf \u0111\u01a1n cho c\u1ea3 m\u1ea1ch AC v\u00e0 DC c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac trong m\u1ed9t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t (nh\u01b0 cabin inverter hybrid n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n telco), m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ee3p l\u00fd l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u dao lo\u1ea1i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y; tuy nhi\u00ean, theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1eeb EC&M, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u dao mini \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m cho ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t trong hai lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n; do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 AC v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 DC, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 AC \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1eeb khi nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 cho b\u1ea1n s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ecdn C\u1ea7u Dao \u0110\u00fang Cho \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng C\u1ee7a B\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n

Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t MCB DC 32A<\/strong> v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t AC MCB<\/strong> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch. B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i M\u1ea1ch<\/th>\nB\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/th>\nS\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
M\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1nh AC (chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, \u1ed5 c\u1eafm, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb)<\/td>\nAC MCB<\/td>\nHUYU HUM18\u201163 AC MCB<\/a> (1P\u20134P, 10kA, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong B\/C\/D)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 AC<\/td>\nAC MCB ho\u1eb7c MCCB v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ng\u1eaft ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/td>\nHUYU HYM1 MCCB<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 chu\u1ed7i t\u1ea5m PV DC<\/td>\nDC MCB, th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c<\/td>\nHUYU HUM18PV\u201163 DC MCB<\/a> (l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 1000V DC)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng pin DC v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o DC c\u1ee7a inverter<\/td>\nDC MCB ho\u1eb7c DC MCCB, \u01b0u ti\u00ean kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c<\/td>\nHUYU HUB9NEZ\u201180 B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch DC<\/a> (16A\u201380A, l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 1200V DC, UL\/TUV)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u1ecf h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p AC\/DC<\/td>\nB\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft c\u00f3 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng k\u00e9p, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft AC v\u00e0 DC ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/td>\nX\u00e1c minh x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u k\u00e9p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edbp x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7u dao b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n<\/a> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n NEC v\u00e0 IEC cho c\u1ea3 t\u1ea3i AC v\u00e0 DC.<\/p>\n

\"AC<\/p>\n

AC v\u00e0 DC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng?<\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn AC v\u00e0 DC chi\u1ebfm c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecf (\u1ed1ng d\u1eabn\/\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn\/v\u1ecf). T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Electrical Construction and Maintenance (EC&M) cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn trong c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a NEC (Quy chu\u1ea9n \u0110i\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c gia) cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf; tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n khi gi\u1eef ch\u00fang t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt l\u00fd. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u0111a hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 (AC ho\u1eb7c DC). Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn DC ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng cho \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p AC \u0111\u1ec9nh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn AC ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng cho \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p DC t\u1ed1i \u0111a.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn ri\u00eang cho m\u1ea1ch AC v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch DC, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ee7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1edbi nhau. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n s\u1ebd t\u00e1ch ng\u0103n AC kh\u1ecfi ng\u0103n DC trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ee7 inverter n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn DC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf\/\u0111en, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn AC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0u n\u00e2u\/xanh (h\u00e0i h\u00f2a) ho\u1eb7c \u0111en\/tr\u1eafng (B\u1eafc M\u1ef9). Vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y d\u1eabn n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra nguy c\u01a1 cao h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh sai c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n

DC MCB c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho AC kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

Kh\u00f4ng b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft MCB n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong AC, tr\u1eeb khi nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u1ea3 AC v\u00e0 DC v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u k\u00e9p. N\u1ebfu MCB kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 quang tr\u00ean AC, th\u00ec c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong n\u1eeda chu k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a AC, do \u0111\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ecb h\u00e0n l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y qua v\u1ecf MCB.<\/p>\n

MCB c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho DC kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

M\u1ed9t MCB AC ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch DC tr\u1eeb khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch DC. M\u1ed9t MCB AC d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng trong d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng AC \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ng\u1eaft trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n DC kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng l\u1ed7i DC d\u1ecdc theo m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch, g\u00e2y ra nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch AC c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi DC kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch AC kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch DC. Trong m\u1ea1ch DC kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1eaft qua \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch AC d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang DC k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eaft d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u00e1y h\u1ecfng, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eafp AC tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch DC kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ch AC tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch DC l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ed5i h\u1ed3 quang d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u1eaft d\u00f2ng DC s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra h\u1ed3 quang b\u1ecb ph\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch trong n\u1eeda chu k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p AC, v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i. Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho AC ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch AC.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa MCB AC v\u00e0 MCB DC l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a MCB AC v\u00e0 DC l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang. MCB AC s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i qua \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng. MCB DC s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb th\u1ed5i h\u1ed3 quang m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e1ch r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u00e1ng s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ed3 quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eadp t\u1eaft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111i qua \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng. MCB DC c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c t\u00ednh so v\u1edbi MCB AC. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 hai \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n v\u1eadt l\u00fd gi\u1eefa m\u1ea1ch AC v\u00e0 DC \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ed7i gi\u1eefa m\u1ea1ch AC v\u00e0 DC v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch theo \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, v.v.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n