{"id":4237,"date":"2026-09-13T00:52:32","date_gmt":"2026-09-13T00:52:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/?p=4237"},"modified":"2026-09-13T00:54:00","modified_gmt":"2026-09-13T00:54:00","slug":"what-is-the-function-of-a-no-volt-release","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/blog\/what-is-the-function-of-a-no-volt-release\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a No-Volt Release l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p l\u1ea1i?\u201d N\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201cm\u00e1y t\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i\u201d l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y c\u00f3 dao quay, b\u0103ng t\u1ea3i t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 b\u01a1m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p (\u0111\u00f4i khi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p (UVR)) duy tr\u00ec v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1eef T\u1eaeT cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh b\u1eadt.\u201d Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng contactor hay b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi shunt trips, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf, nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m tra thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o b\u1eaby \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch gi\u1eef \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00f3ng mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p; n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edf theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC\/EN 60947-2, khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 35% gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c; ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 35% \u0111\u1ebfn 70% \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o cho ph\u00e9p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edf, v\u00e0 tr\u00ean 70% s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sau khi m\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n v\u00ec khi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c sau m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra khi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 85% gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ch\u1ee9c N\u0103ng C\u1ed1t L\u00f5i<\/h2>\n

Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u1eabn b\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 n\u00ean l\u00e0m r\u00f5 ch\u00fang v\u00ec c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Ng\u0103n Ch\u1eb7n Kh\u1edfi \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ea1i B\u1ea5t Ng\u1edd.<\/span> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 sau \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng gi\u00e2y sau khi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c. Tai n\u1ea1n kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n m\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n l\u00e0 khi m\u1ed9t c\u01b0a, m\u00e1y tr\u1ed9n, b\u0103ng t\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i trong khi tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong m\u00e1y. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ebd ng\u0103n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thao t\u00e1c nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1o M\u1ed9t Ch\u1ebf \u0110\u1ed9 T\u1eaft M\u00e1y T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ed9ng Khi \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00c1p Duy Tr\u00ec Th\u1ea5p.<\/span> \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t khi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb s\u1ebd ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u01a1n \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n trong d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a r\u01a1le \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p (UVR) l\u00e0 m\u1edf m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng an to\u00e0n c\u1ee9ng n\u1ed1i d\u00e2y.<\/span> V\u00ec b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p khi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cung c\u1ea5p b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ecdi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c t\u1eaft m\u00e1y kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p. C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc an to\u00e0n, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc d\u00e2y k\u00e9o, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc b\u00e1o ch\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf m\u1ea1ch. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c t\u1eaft m\u00e1y an to\u00e0n. H\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cfail-safe\u201d (an to\u00e0n khi h\u1ecfng).\u201d<\/p>\n

X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u00f3ng.<\/span> Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng khi \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p. UVR s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh (l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 85% \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c).<\/p>\n

\"C\u00e1ch<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n

Trong c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh contactor, nguy\u00ean l\u00fd r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho cu\u1ed9n contactor b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 khi c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3ng, m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ee5, th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf song song v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1eef, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho cu\u1ed9n sau khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nh\u1ea3 n\u00fat. Do \u0111\u00f3, ngay c\u1ea3 khi nh\u1ea3 n\u00fat, cu\u1ed9n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, do \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i cu\u1ed9n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung n\u00e0o trong m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi c\u1ea7u dao, ch\u00fang ta g\u1eb7p t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sinh h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn. C\u1ea7u dao d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ch\u1ed1t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 gi\u1eef \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho m\u1ea1ch. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf an to\u00e0n, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t solenoid v\u1edbi ch\u1ed1t gi\u1eef c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3ng ch\u1ec9 khi cu\u1ed9n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y theo IEC\/EN 60947-2 l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbn:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cu\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c)<\/th>\nH\u00e0nh vi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u01b0\u1edbi 0,35 \u00d7 Un<\/sub><\/td>\nNg\u1eaft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u2014 solenoid gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edf ra<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u1eeb 0,35 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,70 \u00d7 Un<\/sub><\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u2014 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng; d\u1ea3i n\u00e0y c\u1ed1 \u00fd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tr\u00ean 0,70 \u00d7 Un<\/sub><\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng ng\u1eaft do ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 0,85 \u00d7 Un<\/sub><\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i \u2014 nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng thao t\u00e1c c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

T\u1eeb b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra hai \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 d\u1ea3i 35-70% kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 UVR kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u00e0o; n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00f3 khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i ng\u1eafn v\u1ec1 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p, c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1eddi gian; b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eaft trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1ee5t \u00e1p d\u01b0\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 200 mili gi\u00e2y, cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t s\u1ee5t \u00e1p ng\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m d\u1eebng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn UVR c\u00f3 tr\u1ec5 th\u1eddi gian trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1ee5t \u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

Hai d\u1ea1ng: Contactor v\u00e0 Breaker<\/h2>\n

Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c sai s\u00f3t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 v\u00ec hai thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/th>\nB\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean contactor<\/th>\nC\u1ea7u dao<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf gi\u1eef<\/td>\nCu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y gi\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ee5 gi\u1eef<\/td>\nCh\u1ed1t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n<\/td>\nCu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh m\u1edf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\nGi\u1eef \u0111\u00f3ng \u2014 ch\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi m\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
No-volt release \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi<\/td>\nCh\u00ednh cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1n th\u00eam chi ph\u00ed<\/td>\nPh\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong khe cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i sau m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 khi c\u00f3 UVR; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, breaker s\u1ebd gi\u1eef \u0111\u00f3ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td>\nB\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1: DOL, sao-\u0111am, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ec1m, contactor VFD<\/td>\nB\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly m\u00e1y, b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, breaker \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ATS, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 feeder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/td>\nIEC\/EN 60947-4-1<\/td>\nIEC\/EN 60947-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1edbi contactor gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cno-volt release\u201d ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Anh v\u00e0 Kh\u1ed1i Th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng chung; v\u00ec m\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng DOL \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 hay kh\u00f4ng, do \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft TONVR (qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t, no-volt release) nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1edbi breaker gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m; v\u00ec n\u1ebfu thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00eda tr\u00ean l\u00e0 breaker v\u1ecf \u0111\u00fac thay v\u00ec contactor, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua ri\u00eang nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n. T\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra quy t\u1eafc; n\u1ebfu thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft l\u00e0 contactor, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, c\u00f2n n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 breaker, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ri\u00eang ph\u1ea7n UVR v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 khe tr\u1ed1ng trong khung cho cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

\"UVR<\/p>\n

UVR v\u00e0 Shunt Trip<\/h2>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u1edf c\u00f9ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, shunt trip ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 undervoltage release ph\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn trong \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng v\u00ec ch\u00fang ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau. Tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn hai ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00ec shunt trip kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u00e0o khi d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/th>\nGi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p (no-volt, UVR, lo\u1ea1i MN)<\/th>\nShunt trip (SHT, lo\u1ea1i MX)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t<\/td>\nM\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y, d\u01b0\u1edbi 0,35 \u00d7 Un<\/sub><\/td>\n\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u00ean 0,7 \u00d7 Un<\/sub>, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t xung \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 20 ms<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u00e0nh vi khi c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1ecb c\u1eaft<\/td>\nThi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft \u2014 an to\u00e0n theo m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra \u2014 l\u1ec7nh ng\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u00e0nh vi khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\nThi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edf<\/td>\nThi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i<\/td>\nCh\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 0,85 \u00d7 Un<\/sub>, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t ra<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng?<\/td>\nC\u00f3 \u2014 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch gi\u1eef thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng \u2014 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n theo xung<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td>\nM\u1ea1ch d\u1eebng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, an to\u00e0n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, cho ph\u00e9p ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh trong c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\nNg\u1eaft t\u1eeb xa t\u1eeb r\u01a1le b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, li\u00ean kh\u00f3a b\u00e1o ch\u00e1y, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i, ng\u1eaft do BMS kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 nh\u1edb s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 shunt trip y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh trong khi undervoltage release y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, shunt trip ch\u1edd l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft, nh\u01b0ng undervoltage release gi\u1eef thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n; n\u00f3 m\u1edf ngay khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ng\u1eaft b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft nhi\u1ec7t-t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u00ean trong b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n; tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n khi h\u1ecfng. Khi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cho nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ng\u1eaft qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch ng\u1eaft<\/a>.<\/p>\n

N\u01a1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh, do \u0111\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u an to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n