{"id":4275,"date":"2026-09-16T18:24:56","date_gmt":"2026-09-16T18:24:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/?p=4275"},"modified":"2026-09-16T18:26:33","modified_gmt":"2026-09-16T18:26:33","slug":"curve-breaker-definition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/blog\/curve-breaker-definition\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a Curve Breaker: \u00dd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Trip Curves B, C v\u00e0 D"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch curve breaker c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc sao cho n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ea1ch ng\u1eaft m\u1ed7i khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eef \u0111\u00f3ng khi m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u00ec ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. V\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ampe l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong sai s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ng\u1eaft phi\u1ec1n ph\u1ee9c khi\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 khi m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef c\u00e1i trong t\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ng\u1eaft, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ng\u1eaft, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, curve breaker l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n B, C ho\u1eb7c D); m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ng\u1eaft th\u1eddi gian-d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, cho bi\u1ebft c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a van ng\u1eaft t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u1eaft kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng In. D\u00f2ng ng\u1eaft c\u1ee7a curve breaker \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft lo\u1ea1i B n\u00ean ng\u1eaft \u1edf m\u1ee9c 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 l\u1ea7n In, lo\u1ea1i C \u1edf m\u1ee9c 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 l\u1ea7n In, v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i D \u1edf m\u1ee9c 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 20 l\u1ea7n In, theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC\/EN 60898-1. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau cho c\u1ea3 3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft; tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u00f2ng ng\u1eaft t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi th\u00ec kh\u00e1c nhau. Do \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft lo\u1ea1i B c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5p, b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft lo\u1ea1i C c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft lo\u1ea1i D d\u00e0nh cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u201cCurve Breaker\u201d<\/h2>\n<p>C\u1ee5m t\u1eeb n\u00e0y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian-d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1eddi gian duy nh\u1ea5t khi n\u00f3 ng\u1eaft c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc. M\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong\u201d ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong\u201d l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 hai c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec7t \u2013 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i kim lo\u1ea1i k\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng b\u1edfi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu x\u1ea3y ra qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i, d\u1ea3i kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd u\u1ed1n cong d\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 ng\u1eaft; do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1eadm c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ngh\u1ecbch th\u1eddi gian v\u00ec n\u00f3 nhanh h\u01a1n khi qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i t\u0103ng l\u00ean, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, ho\u1eb7c solenoid, t\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean m\u1ea1ch khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u0103ng l\u00ean. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong\u201d \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1ch hai c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng nhau: \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 \u1edf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p n\u01a1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1eeb t\u00ednh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong chuy\u1ec3n sang th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi ch\u1eef c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ecd m\u00e0 ch\u00fang thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 <a href=\"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/blog\/what-is-mccb-and-mcb\/\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn MCB v\u00e0 MCCB<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch lo\u1ea1i B 20A v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch lo\u1ea1i D 20A \u0111\u1ec1u mang d\u00f2ng 20A li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch 20A. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t duy nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa hai b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ee5c log-log. Tr\u1ee5c ngang l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c; t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, I\/In. Tr\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e2y t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn mili gi\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>V\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong<\/th>\n<th>Ph\u1ea1m vi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/th>\n<th>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf<\/th>\n<th>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>V\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch<\/td>\n<td>L\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 1,13 \u00d7 I<sub>n<\/sub><\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed n\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<td>\u2014 d\u00f2ng t\u1ea3i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>D\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\n<td>1,13-1,45 \u00d7 I<sub>n<\/sub><\/td>\n<td>Nhi\u1ec7t; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eaft trong th\u1eddi gian quy \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\n<td>Qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i bi\u00ean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ng\u1eaft nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/td>\n<td>Tr\u00ean 1,45 \u00d7 I<sub>n<\/sub><\/td>\n<td>Nhi\u1ec7t, th\u1eddi gian ngh\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3o<\/td>\n<td>Qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t c\u00e1p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/td>\n<td>3-5\u00d7 (B), 5-10\u00d7 (C), 10-20\u00d7 (D)<\/td>\n<td>T\u1eeb t\u00ednh, t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng cao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Thay v\u00ec xem d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong b\u1ea3ng theo kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh an to\u00e0n, ch\u00fang n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. V\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau cho m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong v\u00ec b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1p l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 chung b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea3i. Ch\u00ednh trong v\u00f9ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 n\u00ean ng\u1eaft khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p theo c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecf qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i \u2013 ng\u1eaft mu\u1ed9n cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. Ch\u1eef c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong l\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 v\u00ec n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong. D\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 kh\u00e1 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng AC th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1m l\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn ngay sau khi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 t\u1eeb m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c trong c\u00e1c chu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ebd ng\u1eaft m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i. C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t logic n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, v\u00ec ch\u00fang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/h2>\n<p>IEC\/EN 60898-1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ba \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u1eb9.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong<\/th>\n<th>Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng ng\u1eaft t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/th>\n<th>Th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/th>\n<th>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho<\/th>\n<th>C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch cu\u1ed1i trong nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i: chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, \u1ed5 c\u1eafm, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ecf<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Lo\u1ea1i B<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>3-5 \u00d7 I<sub>n<\/sub><\/td>\n<td>0,1 gi\u00e2y tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, s\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, \u1ed5 c\u1eafm trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng, ngu\u1ed3n PLC v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Lo\u1ea1i C<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>5-10 \u00d7 I<sub>n<\/sub><\/td>\n<td>0,1 gi\u00e2y tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ea3i c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, b\u01a1m, qu\u1ea1t, HVAC, m\u1ea1ch \u1ed5 c\u1eafm th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p chung<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Lo\u1ea1i D<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>10-20 \u00d7 I<sub>n<\/sub><\/td>\n<td>0,1 gi\u00e2y tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean<\/td>\n<td>D\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t cao<\/td>\n<td>M\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p l\u1edbn, m\u00e1y h\u00e0n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb X-ray, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u1edbn, c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u v\u00e0 thang m\u00e1y, m\u00e1y n\u00e9n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4276\" src=\"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/The-Standard-Curves.webp\" alt=\"C\u00e1c \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" \/><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m vi s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c b\u1eadc trong \u0111\u1ed9 dung sai. \u1ede B, s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb ba \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m, trong khi \u1edf C con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u1edf D t\u1eeb m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn hai m\u01b0\u01a1i. Tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd qua t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec3m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Lo\u1ea1i C \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, Lo\u1ea1i C th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong ng\u00e0nh v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa m\u1ee9c dung sai d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m l\u1ed7i. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed3i cho t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00ec v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t trong b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1p. L\u00fd do ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Lo\u1ea1i B l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m: n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ng\u1eaft khi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5u t\u1eeb t\u00ednh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed7i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb Lo\u1ea1i B \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Cong v\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn Th\u1ec3 Kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\n<p>B, C v\u00e0 D l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong<\/th>\n<th>Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/th>\n<th>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Lo\u1ea1i A<\/td>\n<td>2-3 \u00d7 I<sub>n<\/sub><\/td>\n<td>T\u1ea3i b\u00e1n d\u1eabn v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y; ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e1p d\u00e0i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Lo\u1ea1i Z<\/td>\n<td>2-3 \u00d7 I<sub>n<\/sub><\/td>\n<td>M\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y; t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi Lo\u1ea1i A nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Lo\u1ea1i K<\/td>\n<td>8-12 \u00d7 I<sub>n<\/sub><\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng cao m\u00e0 Lo\u1ea1i D s\u1ebd qu\u00e1 k\u00e9m nh\u1ea1y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Lo\u1ea1i MA<\/td>\n<td>Ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, kho\u1ea3ng 12 \u00d7 I<sub>n<\/sub><\/td>\n<td>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 n\u01a1i qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1edfi r\u01a1le qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed nhi\u1ec7t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (MCCB)<\/td>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch v\u1ecf \u0111\u00fac n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp theo l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00eda tr\u00ean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch. B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 IEC 60898-1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh trong c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng B, C ho\u1eb7c D. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch v\u1ecf \u0111\u00fac tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 IEC 60947-2 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i thay v\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, m\u1ee9c l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong B so v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong C<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Lo\u1ea1i B<\/th>\n<th>Lo\u1ea1i C<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>D\u1ea3i ng\u1eaft t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/td>\n<td>3-5 \u00d7 I<sub>n<\/sub><\/td>\n<td>5-10 \u00d7 I<sub>n<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng 6 \u00d7 I<sub>n<\/sub> t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn<\/td>\n<td>Ng\u1eaft ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a d\u1ea3i<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; ch\u1ec9 ng\u1eaft tr\u00ean 5 \u00d7 t\u00f9y thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u1edbi l\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1<\/td>\n<td>Cao h\u01a1n \u2014 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<td>Th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u2014 ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed nhi\u1ec7t x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>R\u1ee7i ro tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1<\/td>\n<td>Nguy c\u01a1 ng\u1eaft nh\u1ea7m cao m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>R\u1ee7i ro tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3; ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf s\u00f3t ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<td>Chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng, \u1ed5 c\u1eafm, b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, b\u01a1m, HVAC, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p chung<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n gi\u1eefa hai d\u1ea3i: V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1eefa d\u1ea3i Lo\u1ea1i B (4 \u00d7 In) kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c xa so v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1edf gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea3i Lo\u1ea1i C (5 \u00d7 In), v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, do sai s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao ng\u1eaft nh\u1ea7m \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p theo th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>Khi t\u1ea3i g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ranh gi\u1edbi \u2014 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ngay tr\u00ean m\u00e9p c\u1ee7a d\u1ea3i Lo\u1ea1i C \u2014 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy t\u1eafc ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra sau khi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ra. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1edbi t\u1ea3i c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 logic l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cho \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 <a href=\"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/blog\/1-pole-vs-2-pole-circuit-breaker\/\">c\u1ea7u dao m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u dao hai c\u1ef1c<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong AC\u201d<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong AC\u201d trong IEC 60898-1, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00ec thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong AC\u201d th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t trong hai \u0111i\u1ec1u sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u dao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho AC v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cho DC. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 nh\u01b0ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh n\u00f3. C\u1ea7u dao AC v\u00e0 DC c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang trong m\u1ea1ch DC kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn zero hai l\u1ea7n trong m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean n\u00e0o m\u00e0 h\u1ed3 quang b\u1ecb d\u1eadp t\u1eaft. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7u dao \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 m\u00e1ng h\u1ed3 quang, ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7u dao \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c AC trong m\u1ea1ch DC l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong.<\/li>\n<li>\u00dd ngh\u0129a th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 Lo\u1ea1i C trong giao ti\u1ebfp. S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 x\u1ea3y ra trong m\u1ed9t x\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n v\u00e0 c\u0169ng qua bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. Trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng DC th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u2014 m\u1ea3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, pin, k\u00e9o DC, ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng \u2014 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong DC ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c t\u00ednh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan tr\u1ecdng. T\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong AC,\u201d ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u xem n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong<\/h2>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. N\u00f3 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 v\u00ec b\u1ecf qua vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u00ednh d\u00f2ng t\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c (In) c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u dao, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. C\u1ea7u dao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1p, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu d\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ecm gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong m\u1ea1ch. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1m l\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea1y, trong khi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea3i c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n g\u1ea5p 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 14 l\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c. \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1eeb t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua, v\u00ec n\u00f3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ednh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c. N\u1ebfu t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi ba l\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong B ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb ba \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m, lo\u1ea1i B c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0ng lo\u1ea1i C s\u1ebd l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 cao h\u01a1n n\u0103m, lo\u1ea1i C l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 cao h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong lo\u1ea1i D n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o xem x\u00e9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong cao h\u01a1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u00f2ng l\u1ed7i trung b\u00ecnh. X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch di\u1ec5n ra \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ngay c\u1ea3 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng l\u1ed7i th\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1p d\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00eda tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y trong m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i D \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i C trong m\u1ea1ch, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang do hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a hai lo\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u00f2ng l\u1ed7i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra xem \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1eaft c\u00f3 cao h\u01a1n d\u00f2ng ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t hay kh\u00f4ng. Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng n\u00e0y m\u00e0 n\u00ean t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thay th\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn UL 489.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Khi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong B, C v\u00e0 D trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng; <a href=\"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/product\/hum18-63n-mcb-1p-to-4p-63a-type-b-c-d\/\">D\u1ea3i HUM18-63N<\/a>, c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n t\u1eeb 1P \u0111\u1ebfn 4P v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 63 A trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong B, C v\u00e0 D, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 minh h\u1ecda chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua n\u00ean mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4277\" src=\"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/How-to-Select-a-Curve.webp\" alt=\"C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n<p>Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tu\u00e2n theo IEC 60898-1, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tham chi\u1ebfu, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 30\u00b0C. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 xung quanh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n trong ng\u00e0y n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng, t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i trong h\u1ed9p ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u00e1nh n\u1eafng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch g\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sinh nhi\u1ec7t, d\u1ea3i bimetallic c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u1eaft \u1edf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng cho th\u1ea5y thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf 20A t\u1ea1i 60\u00b0C s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ng\u1eaft \u1edf m\u1ee9c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 ba \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, khi \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u1ea5m \u00e1p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t thay v\u00ec gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb danh \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n. Th\u1ee9 hai, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t g\u1ea7n nhau trong b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1eabn nhau theo c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u1ee9 ba, n\u1ebfu m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ec9 ng\u1eaft v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u n\u00f3ng, \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1ecb nghi ng\u1edd, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 <a href=\"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/blog\/how-to-tell-if-a-breaker-is-bad\/\">x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch h\u1ecfng<\/a> l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<h2>Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u0103ng ampacity thay v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch 32 A trong m\u1ea1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n 20 A c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 d\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n<li>L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch lo\u1ea1i D trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9. Lo\u1ea1i D c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f2ng l\u1ed7i v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m. B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch lo\u1ea1i D ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng cao.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ecf qua h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u00f4i khi m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a ra sai do nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa B, C v\u00e0 D \u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00f3 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 dung sai v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean; v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong do m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra thay v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c AC cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n DC. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ecf qua vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang, ch\u00fang v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c do l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1p. C\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch, v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy t\u1eafc nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n ch\u00fat n\u00e0o.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/th>\n<th>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng cho<\/th>\n<th>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>IEC\/EN 60898-1<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf cho c\u00e1c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong B, C v\u00e0 D c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i t\u1eeb t\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh; d\u00f9ng cho d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u1eb9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>IEC\/EN 60947-2<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch cho c\u00e1c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, bao g\u1ed3m MCCB<\/td>\n<td>Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p trong to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>UL 489<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch v\u1ecf \u0111\u00fac cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1eafc M\u1ef9<\/td>\n<td>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy \u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ea3i ng\u1eaft kh\u00e1c nhau; thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong IEC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>UL 1077<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ed5 sung<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1nh; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf cho b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft UL 489<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u201cType C\u201d theo IEC 60898-1 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 catalog C-something theo UL 489 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ng\u1eaft kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng khi m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n duy nh\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m B\u1eafc M\u1ef9: ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. L\u00fd do t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 do m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p: ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00ean catalog.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<h3>B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u1ee5 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ng\u1eaft d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong th\u1eddi gian-d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ng\u1eaft c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cho m\u1ed7i b\u1ed9i s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, cho bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 hai lo\u1ea1i ng\u1eaft: ng\u1eaft nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1eadm b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ng\u1eaft t\u1eeb t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch. Ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ch\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u2013 B, C ho\u1eb7c D theo IEC 60898-1 \u2013 ch\u1ec9 b\u1ed9i s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1: 3-5, 5-10 v\u00e0 10-20 l\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eaft thay v\u00ec d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u0111a m\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea7u dao n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong h\u1ecd IEC 60898-1 c\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i. Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i B v\u1edbi d\u1ea3i ng\u1eaft t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 l\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c; lo\u1ea1i C v\u1edbi ng\u1eaft t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 l\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c; v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i D t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 20 l\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c. Lo\u1ea1i B ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, s\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, \u1ed5 c\u1eafm v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Lo\u1ea1i C l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Lo\u1ea1i D \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p l\u1edbn, m\u00e1y h\u00e0n, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u00e1y X-quang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u1edbn. Ngo\u00e0i ba lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i A, Z v\u00e0 K \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u dao khu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh thay v\u00ec c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u1ea7u dao \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong AC c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n<p>Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong AC\u201d kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC 60898-1. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong AC\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn hai \u00fd ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 AC thay v\u00ec DC v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi DC do d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng DC c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 m\u00e1ng h\u1ed3 quang v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m. M\u1ed9t \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong AC\u201d c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i C do s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c hi\u1ec3u sai. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u00fd ngh\u0129a d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong AC\u201d. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 DC nh\u01b0 pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi quang \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef pin, r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng DC v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong DC do nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<h3>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u1ea7u dao \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong B v\u00e0 C l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ng\u1eaft t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u1ea7u dao lo\u1ea1i B ng\u1eaft \u1edf 3-5 l\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, trong khi lo\u1ea1i C ng\u1eaft \u1edf 5-10 l\u1ea7n. V\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c \u2014 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu d\u00f2ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u2014 ch\u00fang g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, lo\u1ea1i B nh\u1ea1y h\u01a1n, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t sinh trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5p; tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng ng\u1eaft khi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng. Lo\u1ea1i C c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1m l\u1ea7n do \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u1ea1o ra trong khi v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chung. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u dao m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00e1c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. V\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea7u dao n\u00e0o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n lo\u1ea1i kia; m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h3>T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1eafp c\u1ea7u dao l\u1edbn h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c ampe c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn m\u00e0 n\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 (th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch 15 A \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2y 14 AWG, trong khi m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch 20 A th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y v\u1edbi c\u00e1p 12 AWG). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch 32 A v\u1edbi d\u00e2y 20 A c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2y b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y. M\u1ed7i khi c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, n\u00ean xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong h\u01a1n l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb Lo\u1ea1i B sang Lo\u1ea1i C ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb C sang D (n\u1ebfu d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n minh cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi x\u00e1c minh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf thay v\u00ec suy \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<h2>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iec.ch\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u1ee6y ban K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u2014 IEC 60898-1 B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch cho c\u00e1c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iec.ch\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u1ee6y ban K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u2014 IEC 60947-2 B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch cho c\u00e1c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ul.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">UL Solutions \u2014 UL 489 B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch v\u1ecf \u0111\u00fac v\u00e0 UL 1077 B\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ed5 sung<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bsigroup.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">BSI \u2014 BS EN 60898-1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch MCB<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nfpa.org\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NFPA \u2014 M\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0110i\u1ec1u 240 B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong, \u0111i\u1ec1u duy nh\u1ea5t thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1eeb t\u00ednh s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Lo\u1ea1i B ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c ba \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m l\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng danh \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0; Lo\u1ea1i C \u1edf m\u1ee9c n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn 10 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf trong c\u00e1c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh; Lo\u1ea1i D \u1edf m\u1ee9c 10-20 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p, m\u00e1y h\u00e0n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1edbn ph\u00e1t ra xung nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang s\u1ebd ng\u1eaft li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u00ec r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea3i, ki\u1ec3m tra thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u00f2ng l\u1ed7i th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00eda tr\u00ean.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A curve breaker may not be a new kind of breaker but refers to a breaker whose trip time is determined by a curve that has been preset so that it allows the circuit to trip every time a motor is switched on or stay closed when a wire is burning. It is easy to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4275","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogs"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4275","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4275"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4275\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4280,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4275\/revisions\/4280"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4275"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4275"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4275"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}