{"id":4309,"date":"2026-09-21T17:27:19","date_gmt":"2026-09-21T17:27:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/?p=4309"},"modified":"2026-09-21T17:28:37","modified_gmt":"2026-09-21T17:28:37","slug":"elr-full-form","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/blog\/elr-full-form\/","title":{"rendered":"ELR Vi\u1ebft T\u1eaft \u0110\u1ea7y \u0110\u1ee7"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u201cfull form of ELR\u201d s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u00ecm. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ba ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fang. ELR \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Earth Leakage Relay trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y sau khi tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp CNTT t\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n y t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm ra \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n n\u00ean t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft ELR l\u00e0 earth leakage relay trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n. Earth leakage relay, \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 residual current relay ho\u1eb7c earth fault relay, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng toroidal b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t d\u00f2ng r\u00f2 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m ng\u1eaft b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch ph\u00eda tr\u00ean. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb 0,03 A \u0111\u1ebfn 30 A v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 t\u1eeb 0 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 gi\u00e2y. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y t\u1ebf, ELR \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn electronic laboratory reporting. ELR l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh g\u1eedi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan y t\u1ebf.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn: ELR c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau<\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong vi\u1ebft k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft. C\u00e1c t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft nh\u01b0 GFCI, RCD, ELR v\u00e0 RCM l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00ec ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a GFCI<\/a>, n\u01a1i s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb kh\u00e1c trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, feeder, n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc, b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ELR l\u00e0 Earth Leakage Relay. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra, HL7, ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, ELR l\u00e0 Electronic Laboratory Reporting. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c manh m\u1ed1i ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ELR n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

ELR trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec7n: Earth Leakage Relay<\/h2>\n

Earth leakage relay \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u1ea1ch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, relay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa ELR v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch: thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 trong khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1ee9 hai th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

Earth leakage relay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb bi\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng toroidal, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng l\u00f5i, cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn mang d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n (pha v\u00e0 trung t\u00ednh), do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00f2ng r\u00f2. Relay th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0 n\u00fam xoay ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0n ph\u00edm \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea7u ra. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng miliampe.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 ELR, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ABB \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 residual current relay. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 \u201cearth fault relay\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cresidual current monitor\u201d. Ch\u00fang m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb miniature v\u00e0 moulded case \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong MCB v\u00e0 MCCB<\/a> \u2014 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ELR l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh thay v\u00ec c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

\"C\u00e1ch<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a earth leakage relay<\/h2>\n

Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u, v\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y trong d\u00e2y pha v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y trong d\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh. Trong toroid, c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 hai d\u00e2y d\u1eabn tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau l\u1eabn nhau t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ed5ng vect\u01a1 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i CT. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t (qua c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ea9m, h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i qua ng\u01b0\u1eddi), d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i ra. V\u00ec v\u1eady, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng vect\u01a1 kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u00e1o d\u00f2ng r\u00f2.<\/p>\n

Relay nh\u1eadn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng ampe (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u00e3n I\u0394n). Relay s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 khi hai \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng: d\u00f2ng r\u00f2 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i l\u00e2u h\u01a1n th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ec5 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang c\u00f9ng l\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m relay thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch shunt trong b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch ph\u00eda tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp. V\u00ec ph\u00e9p \u0111o di\u1ec5n ra trong toroid thay v\u00ec trong relay, toroid ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u00e1p \u0111i qua. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1p l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ea7n toroid l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 v\u00ec ELR l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch, s\u1ef1 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m ri\u00eang relay m\u00e0 l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 mong ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp nh\u01b0 trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t<\/th>\nPh\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/th>\nM\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y (I\u0394n)<\/td>\n03 A \u0111\u1ebfn 30 A<\/td>\nM\u1ee9c d\u00f2ng r\u00f2 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u2014 th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, cao \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ec5<\/td>\n0 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 gi\u00e2y (m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 gi\u00e2y)<\/td>\nTr\u00e1nh ng\u1eaft nh\u1ea7m v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1eaft tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\nTh\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 60% I\u0394n<\/td>\nC\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1eadm trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n<\/td>\nB\u1eadt \/ t\u1eaft<\/td>\nX\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u m\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i CT c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u00e0m ng\u1eaft b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch hay kh\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i<\/td>\nTh\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, t\u1eeb xa, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\nX\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i thao t\u00e1c tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n hay m\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i khi l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/td>\nTr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn<\/td>\nPh\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa d\u00f2ng r\u00f2 th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng h\u00e0i t\u1eeb bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb l\u1ed7i<\/td>\nTr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn<\/td>\nGi\u1eef ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o ng\u1eaft sau khi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i, v\u00ec v\u1eady nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb sau \u0111\u00f3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn fail-safe l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn. Khi fail-safe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, r\u01a1 le s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1eaft c\u1ea7u dao khi m\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 ho\u1eb7c khi m\u1ea5t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi toroid. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, nh\u01b0ng khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u00f4 la m\u1ed7i gi\u1edd, t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1i c\u00f3 v\u1ebb t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

\"ELR<\/p>\n

ELR vs RCCB vs ELCB vs RCBO<\/h2>\n

B\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/th>\nELR (r\u01a1 le r\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea5t)<\/th>\nRCCB<\/th>\nRCBO<\/th>\nELCB (c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u0169)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n<\/td>\nD\u00f2ng d\u01b0 qua toroid b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/td>\nD\u00f2ng d\u01b0 b\u00ean trong<\/td>\nD\u00f2ng d\u01b0 c\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i<\/td>\nT\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y<\/td>\nC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh, 0,03-30 A<\/td>\nC\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh (10, 30, 100, 300 mA)<\/td>\nC\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 30 mA<\/td>\nC\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ec5<\/td>\nC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c<\/td>\nHo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2y d\u1eabn n\u00e0o<\/td>\nB\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/td>\nB\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/td>\nB\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea5t<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<\/td>\nCao \u2014 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td>\nB\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/td>\nD\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u1eb9<\/td>\nM\u1ea1ch cu\u1ed1i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/td>\nL\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Hai \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1eeb b\u1ea3ng. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng khi RCCB kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ELR \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 do d\u00e2y d\u1eabn qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c khi c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5. Th\u1ee9 hai, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1eaby quan tr\u1ecdng do d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi 30 mA \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00ec c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. So s\u00e1nh h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong RCCB so v\u1edbi RCBO<\/a>.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u01a1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n

ELR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb g\u1eafn b\u1ea3ng bao g\u1ed3m lo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eeda v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 48\u00d748, 72\u00d772 v\u00e0 96\u00d796 mm. C\u00f3 c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc DIN cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng, ghi nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. V\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, ELR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ELR r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/p>\n