{"id":4434,"date":"2026-09-27T19:22:18","date_gmt":"2026-09-27T19:22:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/?p=4434"},"modified":"2026-09-27T19:22:20","modified_gmt":"2026-09-27T19:22:20","slug":"for-electric-power-transmission-copper-or-aluminium-wire-is-used","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/blog\/for-electric-power-transmission-copper-or-aluminium-wire-is-used\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0110i\u1ec7n, D\u00e2y \u0110\u1ed3ng hay D\u00e2y Nh\u00f4m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Khi b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn tho\u00e1ng qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n, r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00f4m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u1ecbp v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao nh\u00f4m \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng trong truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i ng\u1ea7m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn: L\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua d\u00e2y nh\u00f4m, chi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n 90% d\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. D\u00e2y nh\u00f4m d\u00f9ng cho truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi ACSR, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 d\u00e2y nh\u00f4m l\u00f5i th\u00e9p. D\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n \u01b0u ti\u00ean kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i h\u01a1n tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2y, nh\u01b0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1p, thanh c\u00e1i, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p. Nh\u00f4m ch\u1ec9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng 61% \u0111i\u1ec7n so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 25-30% chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u01b0ng tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng kho\u1ea3ng 70%, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y nh\u00f4m c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd nh\u1eb9 g\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

C\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

Hai kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u00edt h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129 khi ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng so s\u00e1nh d\u00e2y c\u00f9ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 l\u00e0 d\u00e2y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng nhau. \u0110\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n; \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u01a1n cho m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y c\u00f9ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch. Nh\u00f4m l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng nh\u1edd tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang; n\u00f3 nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u cho c\u00f9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u1edf 20 \u00b0C<\/th>\n\u0110\u1ed3ng k\u00e9o c\u1ee9ng<\/th>\nNh\u00f4m k\u00e9o c\u1ee9ng<\/th>\nTh\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t (\u00d710-8<\/sup> \u03a9\u00b7m)<\/td>\n1.72<\/td>\n2.83<\/td>\nkho\u1ea3ng 14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n (1% IACS)<\/td>\n97 (\u0111\u1ed3ng \u1ee7 m\u1ec1m 100)<\/td>\n61<\/td>\nkho\u1ea3ng 12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 (kg\/m\u00b3)<\/td>\n8,890<\/td>\n2,703<\/td>\n7,800<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o t\u1ed1i \u0111a (MPa)<\/td>\n380-420<\/td>\n160-200<\/td>\n1,300-1,500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u00d710-3<\/sup>\/\u00b0C)<\/td>\n3.93<\/td>\n4.03<\/td>\n4.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i (d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn 2026)<\/td>\n800-11.000 USD m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5n<\/td>\n400-3.200 USD m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5n<\/td>\nPh\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n, nh\u00f4m c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kho\u1ea3ng 1,6 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 1,28 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn n\u00e0y l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb7ng kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, do gi\u00e1 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u00f4m th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng, m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn nh\u00f4m c\u00f9ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed kho\u1ea3ng 35-50% so v\u1edbi d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 52%.<\/p>\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00f4m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00ec b\u1ecb k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n.<\/p>\n

\"C\u00e1c<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao nh\u00f4m th\u1eafng th\u1ebf trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch hai tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. ACSR (Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced) bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c d\u00e2y nh\u00f4m b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u00f5i th\u00e9p c\u00f9ng th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm b\u00ean trong. L\u00f5i th\u00e9p duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0103ng trong khi nh\u00f4m ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Th\u00e9p g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00ec n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t trong lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y d\u1eabn n\u00e0y. D\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 54\/7, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 54 d\u00e2y nh\u00f4m bao quanh 7 s\u1ee3i l\u00f5i th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

Khi d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m nh\u1eb9, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. D\u00e2y nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n cho ph\u00e9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00edt c\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u01a1n, m\u00f3ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng \u00edt h\u01a1n. Theo c\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh trong ng\u00e0nh, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m cho h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 20-40%. Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ecdi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00e1c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t. V\u00ec thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u00e2y d\u1eabn AC c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf b\u1eb1ng nhau c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 28%, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3ng corona gi\u1ea3m \u0111i. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 th\u1eeba v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1edbn \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 400 kV.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
D\u00e2y d\u1eabn<\/th>\nC\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/th>\nNgu\u1ed3n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/th>\nN\u01a1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
AAC<\/td>\nC\u00e1c s\u1ee3i nh\u00f4m nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t<\/td>\nCh\u1ec9 nh\u00f4m<\/td>\nKho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn, thanh c\u00e1i tr\u1ea1m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
AAAC<\/td>\nC\u00e1c s\u1ee3i h\u1ee3p kim nh\u00f4m-magie-silic<\/td>\nH\u1ee3p kim<\/td>\nM\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ven bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p; kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n kim lo\u1ea1i k\u00e9p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ACSR<\/td>\nNh\u00f4m tr\u00ean l\u00f5i th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm<\/td>\nL\u00f5i th\u00e9p<\/td>\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ACAR<\/td>\nNh\u00f4m tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i h\u1ee3p kim nh\u00f4m<\/td>\nL\u00f5i h\u1ee3p kim<\/td>\nTuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ea7n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n AAC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ACSS<\/td>\nNh\u00f4m t\u00f4i tr\u00ean l\u00f5i c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/td>\nL\u00f5i, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00f5i<\/td>\nN\u00e2ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cho h\u00e0nh lang hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3; nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh cao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

N\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1eabn chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng, v\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1p ng\u1ea7m l\u00e0 ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1p, v\u00e0 l\u00fd do cho \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng gian. M\u1ed9t r\u00e3nh, \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c khay c\u00e1p c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gian x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 milim\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng th\u00eam n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec7n minh b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o, l\u1eafp \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 k\u00e9o c\u00e1p. \u1ede b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd th\u1eafng trong cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea1nh tranh. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do n\u1eefa cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng: k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn cho c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1y d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o n\u01a1i c\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n, b\u1ee9c tranh c\u00f2n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. Thanh c\u00e1i, cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p, cu\u1ed9n ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m, d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, v\u00ec v\u1ecf thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 kim lo\u1ea1i. Thanh c\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec7n 3.200 A l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 1,6 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi nh\u00f4m, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00e9o DC (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray th\u1ee9 ba metro v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean cao, l\u00f2 h\u1ed3 quang, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n) v\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i: b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang nh\u00f4m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ampacity, \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m nh\u00f4m mang ti\u1ebfng x\u1ea5u<\/h2>\n

Nh\u00f4m \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng x\u1ea5u m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 do ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra \u2014 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00f4m trong c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u1ef9. Ba \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh sau \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, nh\u00f4m ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi oxy v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp oxit, l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y kho\u1ea3ng 2.072 \u00b0C; do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00edt. Th\u1ee9 hai, nh\u00f4m gi\u00e3n n\u1edf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng trong c\u00e1c chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t; do \u0111\u00f3, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ecfng sau nhi\u1ec1u chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t. Th\u1ee9 ba, v\u00ec nh\u00f4m l\u00e0 anod so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m g\u00e2y ra \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa hai kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n: \u1ed5 c\u1eafm tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee7 n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh h\u1ed3 quang. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y nh\u00f4m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i an to\u00e0n l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf oxit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n CO\/ALR \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho d\u00e2y d\u1eabn nh\u00f4m, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp kim lo\u1ea1i k\u00e9p gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00f4m, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh gi\u00e3n n\u1edf c\u1ee7a nh\u00f4m.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1nh nh\u00f4m hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecfng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd cho th\u1ea5y l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 h\u1ecfng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau \u2014 \u1ea5m d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9, sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u2014 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng<\/a> \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u kia c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u1edbi l\u1edbp \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y do h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kinh t\u1ebf. Tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 220 kV, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y mang nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn m\u1ed7i pha, v\u00e0 logic t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p<\/a> thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y 400 kV th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y hai ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed1n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ph\u1ee5 m\u1ed7i pha trong m\u1ed9t b\u00f3 thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m kh\u00e1ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng corona. C\u1ea3m kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi b\u00e1n k\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y \u0111\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m kh\u00e1ng. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1c d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f3 th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2y nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, do \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u0103ng theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2y, trong khi gi\u1eef tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh corona. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00f4m trong d\u00e2y t\u0103ng theo \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
T\u00ean m\u00e3 ACSR<\/th>\nB\u1ec7n Al \/ th\u00e9p<\/th>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3<\/th>\n\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf DC \u1edf 20 \u00b0C<\/th>\n\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u00f3<\/td>\n6\/4.72 + 7\/1.57<\/td>\n15 mm<\/td>\n2745 \u03a9\/km<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y 33-66 kV<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u00e1o \u0111en<\/td>\n30\/3.00 + 7\/3.00<\/td>\n00 mm<\/td>\n1390 \u03a9\/km<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y 132 kV<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ng\u1ef1a v\u1eb1n<\/td>\n54\/3.18 + 7\/3.18<\/td>\n62 mm<\/td>\n0688 \u03a9\/km<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y 220 kV v\u00e0 400 kV, b\u00f3 d\u00e2y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nai s\u1eebng t\u1ea5m<\/td>\n54\/3.53 + 7\/3.53<\/td>\n77 mm<\/td>\n0561 \u03a9\/km<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y 400 kV, b\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c b\u00f3 b\u1ed1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Nh\u1eefng t\u00ean n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn qu\u1ed1c gia, trong khi c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u theo sau \u2014 bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, b\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u2014 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y. Kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xem x\u00e9t b\u1ea3ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n

\"Ph\u00f9<\/p>\n

D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00f4m c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c. V\u1edbi c\u00f9ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, nh\u00f4m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn kho\u1ea3ng 78-80% d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng \u1edf c\u00f9ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cho c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn 1\/0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng \u1edf 75 \u00b0C c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c 150 A \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 120 A \u1edf nh\u00f4m. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u2014 quy t\u1eafc chung l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn l\u1edbn h\u01a1n hai k\u00edch c\u1ee1 AWG so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng gian \u2014 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn nh\u00f4m d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ed1t kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Hai chi ti\u1ebft trong m\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u1ed7i t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1eb1ng ampacity ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i. M\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n 90 \u00b0C k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c 75 \u00b0C ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ed9 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch v\u1ecf \u0111\u00fac UL 489<\/a> tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 trong \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 thay v\u00ec trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb. Chi ti\u1ebft th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nh\u00f4m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho d\u00e2y d\u1eabn nh\u00f4m, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf oxit theo c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i<\/h2>\n

\u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh do d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2y d\u1eabn n\u1eefa, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e2y c\u1ea5p nh\u00f4m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ecdi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho c\u1ea3 nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng; thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i hai kim lo\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00f4m v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

D\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a HUYU t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 MCB, MCCB, b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, contactor, relay, bi\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p PV. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng xem vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0m l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho c\u1ea3 hai, v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u2014 m\u1ed9t thanh DIN kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p<\/a> ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb 63 A trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn d\u00e2y d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n mang \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o d\u00e2y c\u1ea5p thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y, \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i hai kim lo\u1ea1i \u2014 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u1edf gi\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t bu l\u00f4ng chia v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh b\u0103ng keo.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/th>\nV\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/th>\nL\u00fd do<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng<\/td>\nNh\u00f4m (ACSR \/ AAAC)<\/td>\nTr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i nh\u1ecbp, chi ph\u00ed th\u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 corona<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e1p ng\u1ea7m v\u00e0 c\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u00f4i khi nh\u00f4m cho LV l\u1edbn<\/td>\nTi\u1ebft di\u1ec7n ngang \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n; \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Thanh c\u00e1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft v\u00e0 d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed3ng<\/td>\nTh\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u1ecf c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh; \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed3ng; nh\u00f4m trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng gian cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y, t\u1ed5n hao, t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng feeder, m\u1ea1ch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n<\/td>\nNh\u00f4m cho k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed; \u0111\u1ed3ng cho c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p<\/td>\nC\u00e2n nh\u1eafc gi\u1eefa chi ph\u00ed kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e1c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/td>\nPh\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3<\/td>\nTr\u00e1nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i kim lo\u1ea1i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi xa h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc. Tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u2014 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y MV, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft MV \u2014 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i quy m\u00f4 doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n thay v\u00ec t\u1eebng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m h\u01a1n vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n

Nh\u00f4m hay \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n?<\/h3>\n

Nh\u00f4m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, h\u01a1n 90% m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ed3ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y ng\u1ea7m, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang; c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c n\u00e0o \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao nh\u00f4m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed3ng trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

V\u00ec d\u00e2y d\u1eabn nh\u00f4m c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb7ng kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed kho\u1ea3ng 35-50% so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n gi\u00fap nh\u1ecbp d\u00e2y d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u00f3ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00f4m kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

Tr\u00e1nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt ho\u1eb7c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi. Nh\u00f4m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trong k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i kim lo\u1ea1i k\u00e9p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang cho hai kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

D\u00e2y nh\u00f4m c\u00f3 d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00edt h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f9ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng 78 \u0111\u1ebfn 80% so v\u1edbi nh\u00f4m c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y l\u1edbn h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng hai k\u00edch c\u1ee1 AWG, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

ACSR l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 l\u00f5i th\u00e9p?<\/h3>\n

Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced (ACSR) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00f5i d\u00e2y th\u00e9p \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp d\u00e2y nh\u00f4m. Th\u00e9p ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o m\u00e0 nh\u00f4m c\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean nh\u1ecbp d\u00e0i, trong khi nh\u00f4m ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u00ec th\u00e9p n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u1ea7n trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, n\u01a1i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed5n hao \u0111i\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec7n d\u00e2y nh\u00f4m trong nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy hi\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

Kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960 v\u00e0 1970 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i d\u00e2y nh\u00f4m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cho lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c l\u1ef1c si\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang. Ng\u00e0y nay, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf oxit, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 CO\/ALR, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb bimetallic, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n