{"id":4587,"date":"2026-10-20T07:00:44","date_gmt":"2026-10-20T07:00:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/?p=4587"},"modified":"2026-10-20T07:04:16","modified_gmt":"2026-10-20T07:04:16","slug":"automatic-phase-changeover-switch-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/blog\/automatic-phase-changeover-switch-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng D\u1eabn C\u00f4ng T\u1eafc Chuy\u1ec3n Pha T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ed9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n pha t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e9t c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f2n cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n duy tr\u00ec li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn (th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a gi\u00e2y) c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n pha t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n pha. Tuy nhi\u00ean, bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 c\u1ef1c trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n pha l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, chuy\u1ec3n (ho\u1eb7c truy\u1ec1n) d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n (\u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o) sang m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c (\u0111\u1ea7u ra) trong s\u1ed1 hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n. C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n pha c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa. Khi xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ba pha, m\u1ed7i pha y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed1n c\u1ef1c; m\u1ed9t cho m\u1ed7i pha v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho trung t\u00ednh\/\u0111\u1ea5t. Th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o: t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u01b0\u1edbi 60 micro gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1 gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn 3 gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m<\/h2>\n

C\u00f3 hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n pha m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecf qua: 1, m\u1ed9t r\u01a1 le \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i trong ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, v\u00e0 2, m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m li\u00ean kh\u00f3a cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt l\u00fd t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i trong ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p, m\u1ea5t pha, l\u1ed7i pha v\u00e0 sai th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 pha. Ngay khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i, logic \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i. T\u00ednh li\u00ean kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng hai ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 hai c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n pha th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n pha. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 bypass l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1ecb v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tay c\u1ea7m b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 bypass l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eaft to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 thay m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u0169 h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/a>: c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang khi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi sai cho thang m\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f2ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

\"Nh\u1eefng<\/p>\n

N\u01a1i c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nhu c\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn: b\u01a1m, thang m\u00e1y, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc cho n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 colocation chi\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i pha \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i mili gi\u00e2y gi\u00fap gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1eaft trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, thay v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 pin \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean. Y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 hai, v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c quan tr\u1ecdng. Thang m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 ba khi c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n, khi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m thang m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. C\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111ang t\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng PV v\u00e0 pin, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch ba chi\u1ec1u thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 hai chi\u1ec1u. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn g\u00e2y ra ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u1edbn m\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n thay v\u00ec li\u00ean t\u1ee5c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i chung, ba pha so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t pha kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 khi t\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 kho\u1ea3ng 7 kW, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t pha so v\u1edbi ba pha<\/a>.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1edbp<\/h2>\n

Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u t\u1eaft trong s\u1ed5 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho ba nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch ba pha l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

\u1ede chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u2013 s\u1ed1 c\u1ef1c, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc 3 c\u1ef1c t\u1eaft ba pha trong khi gi\u1eef trung t\u00ednh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc 4 c\u1ef1c t\u1eaft c\u1ea3 trung t\u00ednh. Khi trung t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng TT, gi\u1eef trung t\u00ednh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang \u2014 trung t\u00ednh v\u1eabn k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea5t. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc 4 c\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00f3 ng\u1eaft trung t\u00ednh li\u00ean k\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ngo\u00e0i Hoa K\u1ef3.<\/p>\n

Chi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC 60947-4-1, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp I (hai l\u1ea7n ng\u1eaft v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch) v\u00e0 l\u1edbp II (ba l\u1ea7n ng\u1eaft bao g\u1ed3m chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch). L\u1edbp Q c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch m\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i \u0111a m\u01b0\u1eddi mili gi\u00e2y v\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Schneider v\u00e0 ABB c\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u2013 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec7n, lo\u1ea1i solenoid v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2 xo, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0a c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng khi x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2 xo tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, trong khi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c gi\u1eef t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eaft n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Khi c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh A v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh B, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc t\u0129nh l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch trong v\u00f2ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn 10 ms gi\u1eef cho c\u1ea3 hai ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hai k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n

\"C\u00e1c<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c mua h\u00e0ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tham s\u1ed1<\/th>\nNh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/th>\nGhi Ch\u00fa<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c<\/td>\n25, 32, 40, 63, 80, 100, 125, 160, 250, 400, 630, 800, 1000, 1250, 1600 A<\/td>\nK\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc theo d\u00f2ng t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, sau \u0111\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m tra d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111ang k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u00ean bus<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1P+N, 2P, 3P, 3P+N, 4P<\/td>\n3P ho\u1eb7c 4P<\/td>\n4P \u1edf n\u01a1i trung t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch<\/td>\nL\u1edbp Q d\u01b0\u1edbi 60 ms; c\u00e1c l\u1edbp PC 0,5\u20135 s<\/td>\nM\u00e1y ph\u00e1t c\u1ea7n v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ea7n mili gi\u00e2y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n<\/td>\n\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p\/cao, m\u1ea5t pha, th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 pha, m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng pha, m\u1ea5t trung t\u00ednh<\/td>\nPh\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ea5t trung t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb 4 c\u1ef1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t<\/td>\nTh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng 0,7\u20131,3 l\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 dung sai quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n khi ngu\u1ed3n y\u1ebfu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch<\/td>\nIcw, th\u01b0\u1eddng 50\u2013100 kA t\u00f9y theo khung<\/td>\nPh\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch ph\u00eda tr\u00ean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/td>\nKhung m\u1edf IP20, t\u1ee7 IP54\/65<\/td>\nL\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean b\u00e0n c\u1ea7n t\u1ee7 trong ph\u00f2ng m\u00e1y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t<\/td>\nIEC 61439-2, CE, v\u00e0 UL khi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u1ef9<\/td>\nUL 508A \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ri\u00eang c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tranh lu\u1eadn, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch xung quanh c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00eda tr\u00ean, v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef cho ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch xung quanh n\u00f3<\/a>. Hai th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn khi k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian s\u1ee5t \u00e1p IEC 61000-4-11 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7; m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc b\u00e1o ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i trong 200 ms s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u cho s\u1ee5t \u00e1p 500 ms. Th\u1ee9 hai, ghi r\u00f5 b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed trung t\u00ednh tr\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\nNh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t<\/td>\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 50.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 100.000 l\u1ea7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00f3 kh\u00f3a li\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00ean hai ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00f9ng l\u00fac<\/td>\nM\u00f2n c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 h\u1ecfng, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 l\u00f2 xo h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ai can thi\u1ec7p<\/td>\nPhi\u00ean b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i pha v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf s\u00f3t<\/td>\nPhi\u00ean b\u1ea3n 4 c\u1ef1c c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u00e1o c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1eeb xa c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/td>\nB\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1eeb xa c\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng; t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1ch ly, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bypass th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i<\/td>\nBypass \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00ean r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 trong ph\u00f2ng m\u00e1y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00ean lu\u00f4n ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 hai. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf hai \u0111i\u1ec1u: c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea1n kh\u1ecfi m\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng do m\u00f2n; m\u00f2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u00edch hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh: Schneider Electric \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng Prisma v\u00e0 Compact c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 ABB, Eaton, Siemens, Hager v\u00e0 Legrand ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf c\u00f9ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f9ng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda b\u1edfi c\u00e1c b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 sau cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 \u00e1p\/thi\u1ebfu \u00e1p.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 cho ba c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 63 Amps l\u00e0 t\u1eeb $250 \u0111\u1ebfn $600. Gi\u00e1 cho b\u1ed1n c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi 100 Amps n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng $400 \u0111\u1ebfn $900, v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1edbi 400 Amps l\u00e0 $1,500\u20134,000. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf 4 c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 1600 Amps, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 h\u01a1n $10,000. Th\u00eam l\u00f2 xo h\u1ed3i, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed bypass ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb xa s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p n\u00e0o, chi ph\u00ed cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u1edf 600 A \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gi\u00e1 600 A b\u1ed1n c\u1ef1c<\/a>.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng ty HUYU s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng bao ph\u1ee7 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea1m vi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ba pha v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean khung v\u1ecf c\u1ea7u dao kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00fac cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng l\u1edbp c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf IEC 60947-4-1, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo gi\u00e1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

\"Th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a<\/h2>\n

B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi t\u1ea3i thay v\u00ec c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khung; s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 n\u00e0o tr\u00ean bus x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian. N\u1ebfu t\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thang m\u00e1y, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, b\u00e0n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0o c\u00f3 t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n, vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong v\u00f2ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y 60 mili gi\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i Q. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, b\u01a1m c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc cho n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 xo h\u1ed3i v\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u1ea7n th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 trung t\u00ednh. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem trung t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i chung t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ba c\u1ef1c. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ed1n c\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft trung t\u00ednh s\u1ebd l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0o trong danh s\u00e1ch t\u00ednh n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra khi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. H\u1ed3i v\u1ecb l\u00f2 xo v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eef thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb t\u1eaft. C\u1ea3 hai t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, v\u00ec m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ed1 model s\u1edbm. M\u1ed9t khung nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/a> trong d\u1ea3i 32 \u0111\u1ebfn 63 A bao ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t nh\u1ecf; tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 125 A b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng khung kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh khi c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3. Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu trong l\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, do \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n

C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n duy nh\u1ea5t, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, cho ph\u00e9p chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i sang ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f3a li\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i hai ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng l\u00fac. Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea5t pha, l\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 pha v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, m\u1ea5t trung t\u00ednh \u1edf c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ed1n c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho nh\u00e0 \u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ebfm khi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho nh\u00e0 \u1edf. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t pha kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang, v\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f3a li\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng cho m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai m\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7. T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0 khi c\u00f3 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi, l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh, chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch \u1ed5 c\u1eafm gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

T\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n sang ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng; m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng tr\u00f4ng g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n duy tr\u00ec li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1ea3i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 thang m\u00e1y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e1o ch\u00e1y, trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng?<\/h3>\n

Hai k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o hai c\u1ef1c ngu\u1ed3n, t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i chung v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. C\u1ea7n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem trung t\u00ednh c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb 3 c\u1ef1c hay 4 c\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u00e9o c\u00e1p. K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c cos \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c si\u1ebft \u1edf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong khi ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. Schneider Electric \u2014 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. ABB \u2014 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft h\u1ea1 th\u1ebf bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Hager \u2014 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. Legrand \u2014 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. Eaton \u2014 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p h\u1ea1 th\u1ebf IEC 61439 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft B\u1eafc M\u1ef9<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. \u1ee6y ban K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u2014 IEC 60947-4-1 (c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch), IEC 61439 (l\u1eafp r\u00e1p), IEC 61000-4-11 (s\u1ee5t \u00e1p)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

    N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n pha t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch: t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 c\u1ef1c tham gia v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch. Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00fang, s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 c\u1ef1c sai, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra an to\u00e0n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    An Automated Phase Changeover Switch is a device that scans for power outages automatically and switches to the alternate power source without human intervention, ensuring that your electrical load remains operational even when active sources of supply fail. In addition to protecting your load, it will also allow the electrical load to maintain continuity during […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4588,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogs"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4587","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4587"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4587\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4595,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4587\/revisions\/4595"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4588"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4587"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huyuglobal.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}